Tag:agriculture

Textile Industry

Textile factories significantly grew during theFirst Industrial Revolution, especially British ones.

Mechanized textiles factory of the 18/19th century.

image source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution#/media/File:Powerloom_weaving_in_1835.jpg

The growing demand for clothing and cloth was satisfied by the integration of machinery in thefactory system. Several inventions in textile machinery occurred in a relatively short period during the Industrial Revolution. Since they made weaving cloth and spinning yarn and thread much easier, producing cloth became faster and required less time and far less human labor.

Here is a timeline of the most interesting news:

1733

Flying shuttle: invented byJohn Kay:织机,允许织布工的改善weave faster.

Flying shuttle showing metal capped ends, wheels, and a pirn of weft thread

image source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Kay_(flying_shuttle)

1742

Cotton millswere opened for the first time in England.

1764

Spinning jenny invented byJames Hargreaves: the first machine to improve the spinningwheel, patented in 1770.

A model of the spinning jenny in a museum in Wuppertal. Invented by James Hargreaves in 1764

image source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution#/media/File:Spinning_jenny.jpg

1769

Richard Arkwrightpatented thewater loom: the first motorized textile machine.

Model of a water frame in the Museum for Early Industrialisation in Wuppertal.

image source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_frame

1773

The first all-cotton fabrics were produced in factories.

1779

克朗普顿invented the spinning mule favoring greater control over the weaving process.

The only surviving example of a spinning mule built by the inventor Samuel Crompton, in Bolton Museum.

image source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_Crompton

1785

卡特赖特patented the electric loom which was later improved byWilliam Horrocks, known for his invention of the variable speed baton in 1813.

A loom from the 1890s with a dobby head. Illustration from the Textile Mercury.

image source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_loom#/media/File:TM158_Strong_Calico_Loom_with_Planed_Framing_and_Catlow’s_Patent_Dobby.png

1789

Samuel Slaterbrought textile machinery design to the United States, spreading the effects of the British Industrial Revolution for the first time.

1790

Arkwrightbuilt the firststeam-poweredtextile factory in Nottingham, England.

1792

Eli Whitneyinvented the cotton gin: the machine that automated the separation of cottonseed from short-staple cotton fiber.

A cotton gin on display at the Eli Whitney Museum.

image source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eli_Whitney#/media/File:Cotton_gin_EWM_2007.jpg

1804

Joseph Marie Jacquardinvented the Jacquard Loom that wove complex designs, inventing a way to automatically control the warp and weft threads on a silk loom by recording hole patterns in a series of papers.

A Jacquard loom showing information punchcards, National Museum of Scotland

image source:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacquard_machine#/media/File:A_Jacquard_loom_showing_information_punchcards,_National_Museum_of_Scotland.jpg

1813

William Horrocksinvented the variable speed baton for an improved electric loom.

1856

William Perkininvented the first synthetic dye.

Info sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_Revolution#Textile_manufacturehttps://www.thoughtco.com/textile-machinery-industrial-revolution-4076291