菲利普斯·埃克塞特学院图书馆serves as Phillips Exeter Academy’s, an independent boarding school located in Exeter, New Hampshire, personal library. It is the largest secondary school library in the world, containing 160,000 volumes over nine levels, with a shelf capacity of 250,000 volumes.
图像来源：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phillips_Exeter_Academy_Library
When it became clear in the1950sthat the school library had outgrown its existing building, the board initially hired an architect who proposed a traditional design for the new building. Deciding instead to construct a library with a当代设计，学校将委员会交给了著名的建筑师Louis I. Kahn在1965。施工开始了April 1969和was completed in November1971。在1997，图书馆被正式命名Class of 1945 Library, honouring Dr.刘易斯·佩里，埃克塞特的第八校长（1914- 1946年）。
设计过程和当代风格的选择
Meeting in1964和1965, the Academy committee conferred with numerous architects before recommendingLouis I. Kahnas the chosen one for the library, whom they admired“……他同情使用brick他对natural light。”
Kahn确实已经考虑了图书馆的适当设计，早些时候提交了华盛顿大学新图书馆的建议。他还表示a deep reverence for books, describing them as a tremendously important offering.
图像来源：https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/louis_kahn#/media/file:louis_isadore_kahn.jpg
A Detailed Plan for the New Library
与之合作Engelhardt和Leggett, educational consultants from Purdy Station, New York, the building committee carefully considered what they wanted in a new library and presented their ideas toKahn在an异常详细的文档that went through more than fifty drafts. The early designs included some items that were eventually被拒绝，例如屋顶花园和两个外部楼梯，楼梯开放，天气开放。
Nonetheless, the committee had covered every aspect of the building, from philosophy to practical details, with great emphasis on the atmosphere desired both within and without the building. In addition to outliningfunctional requirements对于图书馆，委员会指定了网站和外部设计，设计细节，员工设施,spatial relationships，以及诸如空调,lighting，电气和机械设备，安全，火与水保护。
图书馆结构是什么？
总体而言，图书馆几乎有立方形状: each of its four sides is 33 m wide and 24 m tall.Kahnstructured the library in three concentricsquare rings，他曾经称之为“甜甜圈”。外环，由load-bearingbrick，包括所有四个外墙和立即内部的Carrel桌子。中间戒指，由加强具体的, holds the heavy book stacks. The inner ring is a dramatic atrium with enormous circular openings in its walls that reveal several floors of book stacks.
用Robert McCarter, author of the bookLouis I. Kahn,
[…] from the very beginning of the design process, Kahn conceived of the three types of spaces as if they were three buildings constructed of different materials and of different scales – buildings-within-buildings.
- 罗伯特·麦卡特（Robert McCarter）
外部的
Accordingly to the committee’s suggestion,Kahnmade the building’s exteriorrelatively undramatic, suitable for a small New England town. Its facade is primarilybrick withteakwood panelsat most windows marking the location of a pair ofwooden carrels。砖是load-bearing; that is, the weight of the outer portion of the building is carried by the bricks themselves, not by a hidden steel frame.Kahn通过使砖码头在底部更厚的砖块更厚，可以将此事实引起观众的注意。窗户朝着码头更薄的顶部较宽。
The corners of the building arechamfered（切断），让观众看到建筑物结构的外部。
在外墙的顶部是row of openingssimilar to the windows below except that these openings are above the roof and have没有玻璃。
Twoarcades圈出建筑物：一排窗户下方的1.8 m，在底楼1.8 m。后者隐瞒了main entranceto the library, sinceKahndisliked the idea of a building that was dominated by its entrance.
The exterior of the library, where it’s possible to see the rows of windows and arcades.
图像来源：https://search.creativecommons.org/photos/c58EA547-009E-44CF-916A-0D1361B25CE9
在terior
A circular double staircase由具体的并面对travertine greets进入图书馆时的访客。在楼梯的顶部，访客进入了戏剧性central hall带有巨大的圆形开口，揭示了几层书堆。在中庭的顶部，两个巨大具体的横梁扩散了从神经质窗户进入的光。
因为从中央大厅的地板上可以看到堆栈，所以访客的图书馆的布局清楚地清楚了，这是学院建筑委员会所设定的目标之一Kahn。委员会的其他规格要求大量的卡车（图书馆有210辆），并将其放置在窗户附近，以便他们可以receive natural light。
明确的材料选择
To ensure the new library was in keeping with the rest of the Academy campus, the design documents developed by the faculty committee specified the use of various materials. They include:
- Brick在埃克塞特（Exeter）制造的NH（图书馆中使用了420,000个外部砖块，而使用了300,000个室内砖块。此外，使用了大约41,000块常见的砖块，以及少量进入壁炉等等。）
- 石板来自宾夕法尼亚州；
- Granitefrom Vermont;
- Travertine大理石from Carrera, Italy;
- Poured具体的;
- Reinforced Steel;
- Teak;
- White oak;
- Wall-to-wall carpeting。
接受该委员会的规范使用of traditional Exeter brick, stone, and slate,Kahn还纳入了自然的广泛使用wood(primarily teak and white oak), travertine, and具体的, producing a building that is温暖，令人印象深刻和highly functional。
图像来源：https://search.creativecommons.org/photos/a8161aea-ccf1-445d-a945-dec2f43e5243
Awards
在1997the library received theTwenty-five Year Awardfrom the American Institute of Architects, an award that recognizes architecture of enduring significance that is given to no more than one building per year.
The citation of the award states:
“这款干净清晰的结构的杰出合作是设计和技术的杰出合作，是著名学院的原始四边形的文化中心和现代建筑杰作。深色砖块的大块揭示了令人惊讶的美味。它在艺术上是领先于时代的，并将继续启发为几代建筑师的精神试金石。”
图像来源：https://search.creativecommons.org/photos/275c2bba-16f8-4049-a5f4-da002657a8e6
数据表
- Architect: Louis I. Kahn;
- Location: Exeter, New Hampshire; United States;
- Year of commission：1965;
- Years of construction：1969-1971;
- Building type: school library, academic.
在fo sources:
https://www.exeter.edu/academics/library/about
https://www.exeter.edu/academics/library/about/design-library
https://www.exeter.edu/academics/library/about/design-library/construction-and-materials
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phillips_Exeter_Academy_Library
